A Study of balloon |
2) Balloon artificial  →1) Natural |
Development of durable balloon |
 |
Paper balloons |
 |
Sky lantern 1783「Hot air balloon」Montgolfier brothers paper in silk, 33m diameter, 26min. 8km |
 |
Airtight coating of paper balloon 1877「Balloons for reconnaissance」Meiji government forces Rubberized High quality paper pape, 9m diameter, Coal gas 1944「Fire balloon」Imperial Japanese Army Mulberry paper, Caustic soda solution and Konjac paste, 10m diameter |
 |
Rubber tube 1844「Heat vulcanization of natural rubber」Charles Goodyear When natural rubber is added to sulfur, polymer rubbers will extend slipped. Since the rubber membrane is slightly transmitted through the gas, rubber balloons would deflated in one day. Entropic elasticity elastomer latex |
  |
Reinforcement of rubber balloon 1887「Bias tire」John Boyd Dunlop By using the crossed yarn two layers, they are the shock absorption and the wear resistance. 1946「Radial tire 」Michelin As the tire is not deformed, it arranged a layer of iron wire in the direction of rotation. |
 |
Rubber-coated fabrics 1823「Raincoat rubber cloth」MACKINTOSH |
 |
Balloon Cloth 1783「First manned hydrogen balloon」Jacques Charles rubber coating on linen, 8m diameter, 2 hours 1883「the garment factory of dirigible」Henri Lachambre |
 |
1901「No.6」 Santos-Dumont 1909 「Salon de la locomotion aérienne」Grand-Palais |
 |
1956「Fiberthin Air House」Frank Lloyd Wright |
 |
Balloon Viny Advertising balloon Pvc film, 0.2mm thickness, Helium gas Helium gas of one cubic m to generate a lift of about 1kg in the atmosphere. When the diameter is less than 2m, it can not rise. Because the self-weight of the vinyl film is larger than the buoyancy of the helium gas. 1931 「Sky of Tokyo」 Shintarou Suzuki |
 |
1966「silver clouds」Andy Warhol Film metallic vapor deposition of nylon and polyester Polyvinyl chloride Polyethylene Nylon Polyurethane, Synthetic leather |
  |
For artist deploy a new art expression in 1960's, balloon was affordable material. 1960 Piero Manzoni 1961ZERO party 1966「Physical Things (performance)」Steve Paxton EAT 1967「5,600 Cubicmeter Package」Christo 1969「A Field of Hot Air Sculptures」 Otto Piene 1968「Structures Gonflables」Musée d’Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris |
 |
1992「The fantasy」Yoshikazu Suzuki Vinyl film 6m-diameter-6pes. 3m-diameter-20pces. Ballast of Distilled spirits |
 |
|
 |
Advertisement flier for North Korea |
  |
2006「Four Horsesr」Max Streicher Nylon spinnaker 2008「Subway Art」Joshua Allen Harris Plastic Bag When the polymer chemistry develops, now artificial membrane is applied in various fields. When the event is a large amount of the rubber balloon, etc. will be released, it caused environmental problems, paraffin coated with water-soluble balloon has been developed in the paper. |
  |
Reinforcement of vinyl 1944「Chair」William H. Miller, Jr Vinylite tube ring, string netting |
 |
Reinforce the agricultural plastic film in fishing nets |
 |
The waterproof cloth Tarpaulin Tarpaulin of English is etymology covers cloth (pall) painted with tar (tar). Waterproof cloth for covering the ones on the ship originally. |
 |
Tarpaulin is laminated polymer resin film to the fabric of polymer filaments. 1919pat.「tents for field-hospitals」Frederick W. Lanchester 1948『Radome』 Cornell Aeronautic Laboratory |
 |
Inflatable play equipment Temporary building |
 |
1970「Instant City」Archigram Huge floating city concept 1970「Performance」Theo Botschuiver & Jeffrey Shaw |
 |
1972「Pneumatic Sculpture」Shiro Takahashi The creation of the Neumatic Sculpture from the computer graphics of the wire frame. |
 |
Durable cloth that has been manufacturing PVC and synthetic rubber is bonded to several layers is used such as Inflatable boat etc.. 1970年 Theo Botschuiver & Jeffrey Shaw [] |
 |
 |
 |
Balloon of metal The liquefied LPG, it can store in the spherical tank. In the case of 20 ℃, the pressure required to liquefy the propane is 0.86MPa. |
 |
The inside of the fuselage structure of the jumbo jet has been made in setting a positive pressure. The jumbo jet flying a low altitude of the atmospheric pressure is pressurized to 0.8 atm. It becomes the balloon state by the pressure difference created between the cabin and the outside. If the cabin upon landing remains at 0.8 atm, it became a negative pressure against the atmospheric pressure. And trouble will occur in the strength maintenance. 1985「 Pressure bulkhead corruption」JAL123 Ostakayama |
 |
Reinforced glass cloth and teflon membrane by iron wire. 1979「Metrodome」 Iron wire are dispersed large tension internal air pressure will occur. 340 tons of roof, is supported by internal air pressure 20mmAq. Air pressure 20mmAq is the same pressure as the water pressure at the water surface under 2cm. At the time of snow, it is necessary to addition to air pressure commensurate with the weight of the snow. |
 |
Nylon fabric with the water-repellent 1960「Modern hot air balloon」Ed Yost non porous synthetic fabrics, maneuvering vents 1973「BABOT] Shiro Takahashi Aylon fabric, Acrylic coating |
| Pneumatic mechanism | Soft machine |
 |
Instinct to the floating Is obsessed with the Earth's gravity, the human race living in the surface of the Earth, has been dreaming of flying the sky, God and the angels will jump freely sky, 1505「Triptych of the Temptation of St. Anthony」Hieronymus Bosch |
 |
Control of dirigible 1901「Santos-Dumont #5」Santos-Dumont Santos succeeded in the flight that goes around the Eiffel Tower.Changing the size of the air chamber located inside of the hydrogen gas chamber adjust the buoyancy of the airship by. This method of buoyancy adjustment is the same principle as the fish. Also has been used to the flying of the submarine. |
 |
Opening and closing mechanism parachute vent |
  |
Driving mechanism Handling mechanism |
 |
Airpiron |
 |
1988 US Pat.「Air film mechanism」Shiro Takahashi |
 |
air suspension Air springs can attenuate the fine vibration. It can not be absorbed by the metal spring. Since there is not sliding parts, there is no need for maintenance. By varying the amount of air, it is possible to set the spring rate and ride height. |
  |
Bellows Bourdon-tube  |
  |
Logic element by the membrane bicuspid aortic valve |
 |
Skin-like electronic circuit Very thin film-type organic transistor integrated circuit having a thickness of 19 nm can be folded .It can take advantage, stuck on the balloon membrane。 |
| Human body and balloons |
|
 |
Soft culture As a material for symbolic and eternal monument of authority, stone and metal have been the mainstream of art. On the contrary, soft materials such as fur, straw, cloth, bamboo, gourd-mud, it has been considered to have a low value. However, human body likes warm and soft things than hard and cold things. Automotive interior representing the machine civilization has been covered with a soft cushion. |
 |
Airbag Gunpowder is ignited by the collision sensor, sodium nitride undergoes a chemical reaction by the heat and pressure, nitrogen gas occurs. 400 ° hot gas generated is cooled by the principle of adiabatic expansion by passing through a screen. The inflated and deflated time is 0.125 seconds Nylon cloth, Nitrogen gas |
 |
Life jacket In an emergency, vaporize the Solid carbon dioxide 20g and inflate the life jacket. Nyron cloth, Urethane coating |
 |
Coveralls for anti-G Pilot of a jet fighter, in the inertial force when the aircraft suddenly turning, blood pressure in the brain is reduced. There is a risk of degradation or vision loss of consciousness, Pilot is fitted with a balloon-like anti-G coveralls. By compressing the legs with balloons and uniformly maintain the blood volume in the body. |
 |
portable hyperbaric chambers Housing the climbers of altitude sickness, and increase the internal pressure with the foot pump. 7kg |
 |
Sphygmomanometer 1896「」Scipone Riva Rocci 1914「pat.」Samuel Siegfried Karl von Basch |
 |
Inflatable Hazmat suit Gas mask |
 |
wearable housing function 1968「Suitaloon」Michael Webb Living function is mounted on the clothes. The lifestyle of the individual is representing the architecture, rather than expressed in clothing. |
| Balloon in space |
|
 |
Space suit For the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the space suit, it need a large force when bending the joint portion. Therefore, early spacesuit lowers the internal pressure to 0.3 atm, was filled with pure oxygen。Extravehicular activity |
  |
NASA Glove Space habitat NASA BEAM |
 |
Space Emergency Bag Person is entered in the balloon with a diameter of 86cm, it is drifting space, and wait for the rescue. Oxygen inhaler, the radio signaling device, carbon dioxide for expansion, are equipped. Balloons made of heat-resistant fiber, to maintain the internal pressure, and protects the human body from radiation, sunlight, small meteor. |
  |
Balloon satellite 1960 Project Echo「Satelloon」 The balloon satellite functioned as a reflector, not a transceiver polyester film, metal coating on the surface, 30.5m diameter, 0.0127mm thickness Ultra-long flight balloons for stratospheric observation」 polyester fiber wuth polyester film, Helium gas, 140m diameter, 52km altitude |
  |
Mars landing 1997 Mars Pathfinder「Sojourner 」 After parachute to an altitude 300m of Mars, the 12 pieces of balloons are inflated, and bounce three times, and soft landing to Mars. polyester fiber, Carbon dioxide |
 |
|
| next →Natural balloon |
